What landmark Supreme Court case established the principle of judicial review?

The principle of judicial review was established by the landmark Supreme Court case Marbury v. Madison. This case, decided in 1803, set the precedent that the Supreme Court has the authority to review and invalidate laws and actions that are found to be unconstitutional. Chief Justice John Marshall's ruling in this case asserted the role of the judiciary as an equal branch of government, emphasizing that it is the duty of the courts to interpret the law and ensure that no legislative or executive action can violate the Constitution. This was a critical moment in defining the balance of power among the branches of government in the United States.