Which amendment guarantees the freedom of religion?

The 1st Amendment is the correct answer because it explicitly guarantees several fundamental rights, including the freedom of religion. This amendment states, "Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof." This means that individuals have the right to practice their religion freely without government interference and that the government cannot establish a national religion or favor one religion over another.

The 2nd Amendment pertains to the right to keep and bear arms and does not address religious freedoms. The 10th Amendment involves the powers not delegated to the federal government being reserved to the states or the people, which is more about state sovereignty rather than individual rights. The 9th Amendment acknowledges that the enumeration of certain rights in the Constitution does not mean that others do not exist, but it doesn’t specifically guarantee freedom of religion. Therefore, the 1st Amendment is the foundational legal guarantee for religious freedom in the United States.